聚合物基梯度功能材料研究进展

对正在兴起的聚合物基梯度功能材料的研究状况，特别是其制备技术的研究和开发进行了综述，并对其潜在的应用价值进行了展望。利用物质传输原理制备梯度功能材料的方法包括了基于质量传输的溶液扩散、互穿网络、相转变和溶胶一凝胶等方法；而基于能量传输的制备方法涉及到了利用电场能、磁场能、热能、重力势能、辐射能、光能以及化学能等多种方法。同时还对界面聚合、纤维排列、组分含量连续调控、复合共挤、逐层浇注、静电喷涂等基于构造原理所开发的制备技术作了简要介绍。

Research Progress in Functionally Gradient Materials Based on Polymers

The preparative methods and application of gradient polymeric materials are reviewed. The gradient polymeric materials were prepared by either mass or energy transportation methods. The former occurs in processes like diffusion in solution, interpenetrating, phase transition, and sol-gel, the latter was carried out with electric, radiant, magnetic, electric-chemical energy and potential energies. The techniques in preparation such as interface polymerization, co-extrusion and static spray were also introduced.