北京市海淀区大气颗粒物污染水平及其影响因素

于2008年3月5日-14日在北京市海淀区同时采集了大气PM_2.5、PM₁₀样品，并对其污染水平、日变化趋势、PM_2.5/PM₁₀比值及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明，PM₁₀日均值为220.0 μg/m3,超过国家二级标准(150 μg/m3)的46.7%。PM_2.5日均值为132.5 μg/m3,超过美国标准（65 μg/m3）的103.8%。说明该地区颗粒物污染非常严重。对人体危害更大的PM_2.5是PM₁₀的主要组成部分,平均占63.6%。PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度与相对湿度、风速呈现出很好的相关性，随相对湿度的增加和风速的减小颗粒物浓度明显增加。温度与颗粒物浓度呈正相关性。气象条件是颗粒物浓度的主要影响因素。本文的研究成果力求为北京市大气颗粒物污染防治和控制政策的制定提供科学依据。

ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLE POLLUTION AND ITS FACTORS IN BEIJING

Air PM2.5and PM10 samples that were concurrently collected during March 5-14, 2008 were analyzed in their pollution level, daily changing trend, the ratios of PM2.5/PM10, and influent factors with results indicating that the daily average concentration of PM10 was 220.0 μg/m3, 46.7% more than the second national standard (150 μg/m3), and that the daily average concentration of PM2.5 was 132.5 μg/m3, 103.8% more than the US’s standard. This reveals a severe atmospheric particle pollution in this area. PM2.5 which is more harmful to human is a major component of PM10, about 63.6% on average. PM2.5 and PM10 concentration has a good correlation with humidity and wind velocity, increasing with the increasing of humidity and the temperature, and decreasing with the increasing of wind velocity. The meteorological conditions plays a key role in atmospheric particle pollution. This paper presents a reference to prevent air particulate pollution and to make policies.