藏礼于器:先秦礼制中的漆器文化

礼器是文明时代的产物,伴随着礼制而产生,源于日用器,以奢华为标志,肇始于上古祭祀文化,源于对天地自然的敬畏。礼器作为礼制的载体,是为举行祭祀、丧葬、朝聘、征伐、宴飨和婚冠等仪式活动而设计制作的器用,表明了使用者的身份、等级、地位和权力等,藏礼于器,使器物拥有了社会政治属性,也有装饰生活方式之功能。作为礼器的漆器,器类主要有簋、罍、豆、觚、觞、尊、俎、几、禁、钟鼓架、屏风等,门类众多,它与青铜器共同构成了一套完整的先秦礼器文化组合,并与青铜器有着同样的地位和功用。

Etiquette in wares:Lacquerware culture of the ritual system in Pre-Qin

Sacrificial vessels were the product of civilization along with the ritual system .Based on the articles of everyday use , and characterized with luxury , they originated from worship culture in ancient times, and the fear to the nature of heaven and earth .As the carrier of ritual system , they were designed for using in sacrifices, funerals, crowning, conquering, treats and marriage ceremony activities , to show onw-er’s identity, rank, status and power,etc .Etiqutte in wares endowed the wares with social and political at-tributes , besides and decorative function of life style .Those used as ritual vessels mainly included Gui , Lei, Dou, Gu, Shang, Zun, Zu, Jji, Jin, bel, drum rack, screen and so on numerous category .Together with bronzes they form a complete set of combination about the Pre -Qin culture of ritual vessels , and have the same status and function as bronzes .