Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Their Adverse Effects on the Endoplasmic Reticulum |
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Authors: | Kangmin Kim Jin-Sook Kwon Changhwan Ahn Eui-Bae Jeung |
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Affiliation: | 1.Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (K.K.); (J.-S.K.);2.Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; |
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Abstract: | There is growing concern regarding the health and safety issues of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Long-term exposure to EDCs has serious adverse health effects through both hormone-direct and hormone-indirect ways. Accordingly, some EDCs can be a pathogen and an inducer to the susceptibility of disease, even if they have a very low affinity on the estrogen receptor, or no estrogenic effect. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress recently attracted attention in this research area. Because ER and ER stress could be key regulators of the EDC’s adverse effects, such as the malfunction of the organ, as well as the death, apoptosis, and proliferation of a cell. In this review, we focused on finding evidence which shows that EDCs could be a trigger for ER stress and provide specific examples of EDCs, which are known to cause ER stress currently. |
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Keywords: | endocrine system endocrine-disrupting chemical endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response |
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