5A06铝合金扫描激光填丝焊接头变形及应力分析

以30 mm厚5A06铝合金为研究对象，基于SYSWELD有限元分析软件，根据热-弹-塑性理论，建立5A06铝合金扫描激光多层多道焊接接头有限元模型，对其焊接接头的温度场、残余应力及变形进行模拟计算，并进行了试验验证. 模拟结果表明，窄间隙激光填丝焊每个道次的热输入量较小，不会造成热影响区晶粒长大. 焊缝横向残余应力最大值出现在接头靠近下表面的区域，约为130 MPa；靠近上表面处的纵向残余应力最大. 厚度方向上残余应力值较小. 通过与实测值对比，残余应力及变形的模拟值与实测值基本一致，可对接头的残余应力分布及焊后变形进行预测分析.

Analysis of deformation and stress of scanning laser wire filling welded 5A06 aluminum alloy joint

Based on the thermo-elastic-plastic theory and the SYSWELD finite element analysis software, the finite element model of the scanning laser wire filling multi-layer and multi-pass welded joint of 5A06 aluminum alloy was established. The simulated results of temperature field, residual stress and deformation were studied and verified by experiments. The results show that the heat input of each pass of the narrow gap scanning laser wire filling welding is small, which cannot lead to the grain growth in heat affected zone. The maximum transverse residual stress appears in the area of the weld metal near the lower surface, which is about 130 MPa. The longitudinal residual stress of weld metal near the upper surface is the largest. The residual stress value in the thickness direction is small. By comparing with the measured values, the simulated values of residual stress and deformation are basically consistent with the measured values, which means the residual stress distribution and post-welding deformation of the joints can be predicted and analyzed.