T形接头角焊缝中缺陷空间定位及分布特征

为实现T形接头焊件角焊缝中批量缺陷的空间定位及可视化，基于多视角成像方法，获取了焊件射线检测图像，并建立了T形接头焊件角焊缝中缺陷深度和偏移量的数学模型. 在射线检测图像缺陷分割的基础上，根据提出的缺陷自动对应准则和投影距离自动提取算法完成了焊件内部缺陷的空间位置数据自动提取，并实现了批量缺陷空间位置的可视化. 对焊件中自动提取的84个缺陷的空间位置数据进行了统计分析，获取了缺陷的空间分布特征. 试验结果表明，缺陷主要位于腹板中心线左侧，占总样本的73.8%；缺陷深度大多在1.8 2.5] mm范围内，占总样本的85.7%，近86%的缺陷集中分布在翼板与腹板的结合面位置；缺陷半径在0 0.51] mm范围内；缺陷沿焊缝纵向随机分布.

Spatial locating and distribution feature of defects in fillet weld of T joint weldments

In order to achieve spatial locating and visualization of batch defects in fillet weld of T joint weldments, detection images of weldments were obtained by using multi-view imaging method, and mathematic models of defect depth and deviation were established. On the basis of defects segmentation of detection images, according to the proposed automatic corresponding criterion of defects and automatic extraction algorithm of projection distance, the automatic extraction of spatial position data and visualization of batch defects in the joints were achieved. The data of 84 defects were analyzed statistically, and the distribution feature of defects was obtained. The experimental results show that the defects are mainly located on the left side of the sternum center line, which account for 73.8 percent of the total. The defects depth is mostly among 1.8 2.5] mm, which account for 85.7 percent of the total. Nearly 86 percent of the defects are mainly distributed in the joint surface of the wing plate and sternum. The defects radius is among 0 0.51] mm. The defects distribution is random alonging the weld longitudinal direction.