基于区域适栽品种筛选的苹果品质综合评价模型的建立

建立苹果品质综合评价模型,为苹果新品种的引进、筛选、品种改良和优质栽培提供一定的参考依据。在甘肃静宁产区测定了20个引进的苹果品种的13项品质指标的基础上,通过盒形图法筛除异常数据之后,采用相关性分析法(CA)、主成分分析法(PCA)、聚类分析法(HCA)和层次分析法(AHP)建立了苹果品质评价的数学模型。采用CA、PCA和HCA从13项品质指标中筛选出糖酸比、有机酸、可溶性固形物、单果重和果形指数作为核心指标,利用AHP建立了苹果品质综合评价模型:Y(综合值)=0.4276×糖酸比的标准化值+0.2745×有机酸含量的标准化值+0.1759×可溶性固形物含量的标准化值+0.0811×单果重的标准化值+0.0409×果形指数的标准化值。苹果品质综合评价结果表明,烟富3号、成纪1号和宫崎短枝三个品种在静宁产区品质最优,与生产实际表现一致。建立的苹果品质综合评价模型,能有效提高苹果品质评价的科学性与合理性,并能够广泛地运用于生产实践。

Establishment of Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Apple Quality for Regional Suitable Varieties Selection

This study was to establish a comprehensive evaluation model of apple quality to provide reference for the introduction,breed reforming and high-quality cultivation of new apple varieties. Based on 13 quality indicators of 20 introduced apple varieties measured in the Jingning production region of Gansu province,the anomaly data was screened by the box chart method,and then the mathematical models for evaluating apple quality were established with the methods of Correlation analysis(CA),Principal component analysis(PCA),Hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA),Analytic hierarchy process(AHP). The core indicators of sugar-acid ratio,organic acid,soluble solids,single fruit weight and fruit shape index were selected from 13 quality indicators with methods of CA,PCA,HCA,and then the comprehensive evaluation model of apple quality was established by AHP as follow:Y(comprehensive value)=0.4276×standardized value of sugar-acid ratio+0.2745×standardized value of organic acid content+0.1759×standardized value of soluble solid content+0.0811×standardized value of weight+0.0409×standardized value of fruit shape index. The comprehensive evaluation results of apple quality showed that the three varieties of Yanfu 3,Chengji 1 and Miyazakifuji had the best quality in Jingning production region,which were consistent with actual production performance. This comprehensive evaluation model of apple quality could effectively improve the scientificity and rationality of apple quality evaluation,and widely used in production practice.