市售食用菌中砷的形态分析以及健康风险评价

研究目前市售食用菌的砷污染情况,评价通过食用菌摄入暴露的砷对人体的健康风险。采用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术(HPLC-ICP-MS)分析食用菌中的6种砷形态化合物;采用美国环保署(USEPA)的健康风险评估模型,分别基于非致癌风险和癌症风险临界值计算食用菌的安全消费水平(SCL)和安全摄入量(SIR)。结果表明:本批次新鲜食用菌和食用菌干制品中的总砷含量分别为0.0013~0.1240 mg/kg(以鲜重计)和0.0170~3.8488 mg/kg(以干重计),均未超过GB 2762-2017规定的总砷限量。除姬松茸干制品外,其它食用菌均为一级产品。不同品种的食用菌中存在的主要形态砷化合物存在差异。本批次新鲜食用菌和食用菌干制品的安全消费水平分别为5.33~104.38 g/(d·BW kg)(以鲜重计)和0.06~5.28 g/(d·BW·kg)(以干重计),除姬松茸干制品外均高于实际人均食用菌摄入量,对人体不存在非致癌的风险和癌症风险。

Speciation Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic in Commercial Edible Mushrooms

Edible mushrooms in the market were investigated to study the arsenic contamination,and health risks of human exposure to arsenic in edible mushrooms were evaluated.Separation and determination of six arsenic species in edible mushrooms was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(HPLC-ICP-MS).Safe consumption level(SCL)and safe intake(SIR)of edible mushrooms were calculated based on non-carcinogenic risk and cancer risk thresholds using the US Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA)health risk assessment model.In this batch of samples,the total arsenic content in fresh edible mushrooms and dried edible mushrooms was 0.0013~0.1240 mg/kg(on fresh weight basis)and 0.0170~3.8488 mg/kg(on dry weight basis),respectively.The total arsenic contents was not exceed the limit of total arsenic specified in GB 2762-2017.There were differences in the main arsenic species existed in different edible mushrooms.The safe consumption level of fresh edible mushrooms and dried edible mushrooms were 5.33~104.38 g/(d·BW kg)(fresh weight basis)and 0.06~5.28 g/(d·BW kg)(dry weight basis),respectively.Except for dried Agaricus blazei Murill,the safe consumption of other edible mushrooms and their products in this batch was higher than the actual consumption of edible bacteria per capita,and there was no risk of non-carcinogenicity and cancer risk to the human body.