在助剂作用下山桐子油的软脱胶工艺研究

山桐子油是一种营养及其丰富的食用油,但因含有较多磷脂类胶溶性杂质,容易使其酸败变质,在高温下发黑发苦,降低其品质。采用乙二胺四乙酸二钠为螯合剂,十二烷基磺酸钠为乳化剂和碳酸钠为助剂的软脱胶工艺脱除山桐子油中的胶体物质,考察螯合脱胶剂的体积比、脱胶温度、脱胶时间和离心分离时间对山桐子油脱胶效果的影响,得到山桐子油的最佳脱胶工艺:螯合脱胶剂的体积比为2∶3∶3,脱胶温度为35℃,脱胶时间为10 min,离心分离时间为30 min,在最佳工艺条件下山桐子油的脱胶率达到96.93%。同时,建立的分析方法可有效地测定山桐子油中磷脂含量。与传统脱胶工艺相比,不仅其脱胶率有大幅度的提高,而且脱胶后的山桐子油色泽也更加透明。

Study on Soft Degumming Process of Idesia Oil under Auxiliary Agent

Idesia oil is a very nutritious edible oil,because there is a lot of phospholipid peptized colloids in it,it is easy to cause it to deteriorate,blacken and bitter at high temperature,which reduces its quality.A kind of soft degumming process which was consisted of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)as chelating agent,sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)as emulsifier and sodium carbonate as auxiliary agent was used to remove colloids in idesia oil.The effects of volume ratio of chelating degumming agents,degumming temperature,degumming time and centrifugal separation time on degumming for idesia oil were systematically investigated.The optimal degumming process was that the volume ratio of chelating degumming agents was 2∶3∶3,degumming temperature was 35℃,degumming time was 10 min,and centrifugal separation time was 30 min.Under the optimal process conditions,the degumming rate of idesia oil reached 96.93%.In addition,the established analytical method could effectively determine the content of phospholipids in idesia oil.Compared with traditional degumming process,the degumming rate was greatly improved.Moreover,the color of the treated idesia oil was also more transparent.