珍珠番石榴果实中的营养成分与活性物质分析

以湛江河唇珍珠番石榴果实为原料,分析测试了其营养成分及活性成分。结果表明,珍珠番石榴鲜果样品中各主要营养成分的含量分别为水分(88.98±0.04)g/100g,脂肪(0.11±0.01)g/100g,粗纤维(2.27±0.01)g/100g,总糖(5.78±0.02)g/100g,果糖(22.00±0.20)mg/g,葡萄糖(22.05±0.25)mg/g,蔗糖(12.45±0.15)mg/g,柠檬酸(1.68±0.02)mg/g;蛋白质(0.78±0.01)g/100g,含有16种氨基酸和7种人体必需氨基酸,必需氨基酸含量为1 910.32 mg/kg,占总氨基酸的42.02%,必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸的比值为0.72;灰分含量为(0.50±0.05)g/100g,其中钾、钙、铁等矿质元素含量较高。活性物质成分的含量分别为多糖(5.68±0.02)g/100g,多酚(180.84±0.15)mg/100g,黄酮(193.58±0.01)mg/100 g,维生素C(94.02±0.02)mg/100g。可见,珍珠番石榴含有种类较多的营养活性成分,开发和应用前景广阔。

Analysis of nutrients and bioactive compounds in fruits of Psidium guajava L. cv. Pearl

The nutrients and bioactive compounds in fruits of Psidium guajava L. cv. Pearl, collected from Hechun town in Zhanjiang, were measured and determined in order to lay the foundation for the further development and utilization of this species. Results showed that the contents of moisture, crude fats, crude fiber, total carbohydrates, fructose, glucose, sucrose and citric acid in fresh fruits of P. guajava L. cv. Pearl were (88.98±0.04) g/100 g, (0.11±0.01) g/100 g, (2.27±0.01) g/100 g, (5.78±0.02) g/100 g, (22.00±0.20) mg/g, (22.05±0.25) mg/g, (12.45±0.15) mg/g, and (1.68±0.02), respectively. The content of crude protein was (0.78±0.01) g/100 g, and 16 kinds of amino acids including 7 essential amino acids were identified in P. guajava L. cv. Pearl fruits. The content of essential amino acids was 1 910.32 mg/kg, and the ratios of that to the total contents of amino acids and non-essential amino acids were 42.02%, 0.72, respectively. The content of ash was (0.50±0.05) g/100 g, and K, Ca and Fe were abundant in the fresh fruits. Furthermore, the results indicated that contents of water-soluble polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids and vitamin C were (5.68±0.02) g/100 g, (180.84±0.15) mg/100 g, (193.58±0.01) mg/100 g, and (94.02±0.02) mg/100 g, respectively. Therefore, the nutritional and active ingredients in P. guajava L. cv. Pearl were abundant, which indicated the fruit could be widely used in food field.