海南桑叶资源营养指标及危害因子分析

本研究对海南省三个桑树主栽区的25个桑种质桑叶的主要营养物质、危害因子及农药残留量进行测定,利用因子分析法对不同品种桑叶的各项指标进行对比分析,并参照其农药残留量,最终计算出桑叶综合得分并排序。结果表明:琼中地区和万宁地区桑叶样品粗蛋白平均含量分别为26.81%和27.04%,均高于儋州地区桑叶样品粗蛋白的平均含量23.39%;琼中地区桑叶纤维素平均含量最高,琼中地区纤维素平均含量为43.54%;25个品种桑叶Cu含量分布在6.45~9.90 mg/kg,平均值8.18 mg/kg;Zn含量分布在23.30~41.30 mg/kg,平均值35.52 mg/kg;Pb含量分布在0~0.500 mg/kg,平均值0.103 mg/kg;Cd含量分布在0.0014~0.0220 mg/kg,平均值0.0052 mg/kg;As含量分布在0.028~0.230 mg/kg,平均值0.099 mg/kg。三个地区不同品种桑叶的重金属元素含量差异很大,但检测量均未超出食品国家安全标准的污染物限量值。经因子分析后提取出前4个公因子能较好的反映桑叶综合品质的全部信息,累计贡献率达到了74.96%。在对桑叶品质进行综合评价的基础上,针对所有供试桑叶样品中的有机氯、有机磷农药残留进行检测,样品桑叶中检出有机氯、有机磷农药残留共有四种,分别是联苯菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、六氯苯、毒死蜱;上述四种农药的残留量均小于《食品安全国家标准 食品中农药残留最大残留限量》(GB2763-2016)中所规定的对应农药种类的叶类食品最大残留限量,经过多方面的对比分析后经计算综合排名位列前三位的分别是"廉选"5号、007、009三个桑叶品种。

Analysis of Nutritional Indicators and Hazard Factors of Mulberry Leaf Resources in Hainan

In this work, the contents of main nutrients, harmful factors and pesticide residues of 25 mulberry leaves in three major growing areas in Hainan Province were determined. Factor analysis was used to analyze the mulberry leaf indexes of different varieties refer to its pesticide residue and the comprehensive scores were calculated and sorted. The results showed that the average crude protein content of mulberry leaf samples in Qiongzhong and Wanning regions were 26.81% and 27.04%, which were higher than the average crude protein content of mulberry leaf samples in Luzhou region by 23.39%. The average cellulose content of mulberry leaves in Qiongzhong area was the highest;the average cellulose content in Qiongzhong region was 43.54%. The Cu content of 25 varieties of mulberry leaves was distributed between 6.45 to 9.90 mg/kg, with an average of 8.18 mg/kg;the Zn content was distributed between 23.30 to 41.30 mg/kg, with an average of 35.52 mg/kg;Pb content was distributed between 0 and 0.500 mg/kg, with an average of 0.103 mg/kg;Cd content was distributed between 0.0014 and 0.0220 mg/kg, with an average of 0.0052 mg/kg;As content was distributed between 0.028 and 0.230 mg/kg, the average was 0.099 mg/kg. The content of heavy metal elements of mulberry leaves varied greatly in different regions, but the detection amount did not exceed the pollutant limit value of food national safety standards. After factor analysis, 4 common factors were extracted, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 74.96%. After comprehensive evaluation of mulberry leaf quality, the organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues were tested, four kinds of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues were detected in mulberry leaves, including bifenthrin, cypermethrin, hexachlorobenzene and chlorpyrifos. The residues of the above four pesticides were less than the maximum residue limits of leaf food of corresponding pesticide types specified in the national food safety standard maximum residue limits of pesticides in food (GB2763-2016). The first four common factors extracted could better reflect the comprehensive quality of mulberry leaves. All the information, the top three in the comprehensive ranking are the"Lianxuan"No. 5, 007, 009 three mulberry varieties, the three mulberry leaves with good traits and abundant yield could be used to develop edible mulberry, medicinal mulberry the candidate mulberry varieties.