超临界CO_2流体萃取米糠油研究

通过超临界CO2流体萃取米糠油研究,总结萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间和物料水分含量对米糠出油率影响。结果表明,最适宜萃取条件为:萃取压力30 MPa、萃取温度45℃、萃取时间80 min、物料水分含量为5％～6％,出油率达14．32％;同时测定超临界CO2流体萃取米糠油中脂肪酸甘油酯组成,得出油酸甘油酯、亚油酸甘油酯和棕榈酸甘油酯占总脂肪酸甘油酯90％以上,其中,油酸甘油酯和亚油酸甘油酯占总脂肪酸甘油酯70％以上;通过超临界CO2法与压榨法比较,超临界CO2流体法萃取米糠油不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,理化指标也优于压榨法,因萃取温度低,防止提取过程中油脂氧化,因此超临界CO2流体萃取是一种较好提取米糠油方法。

Study on extraction of rice bran oil with supercritical carbon dioxide

Through the study on the extraction of rice bran oil with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, we summarized that extracting pressure, extracting temperature, extracting period, and the water content of rice bran affected the yield of rice bran oil. An optimum extraction was achieved when materials was treated for 80 min at 30 MPa, 45℃heating treatment, the water content within 5%～6% , the yield of rice bran oil reached 14.32%. At the same time we determined the fatty glyceride's composition of rice bran oil. We concluded that the glyceryl oleate、glyceryl linoleate and glyceryl palmitate accounted for 90% of total fatty glyceride above, among them, glyceryl oleate and glyceryl linoleate accounted for 70% of total fatty glyceride above. Through comparing the method of supercritical carbon dioxide with sequeeze method, it got high content of unsaturated fatty acid, physics and chemistry index are all better than squeeze method. Because the extracting temperature was low, it prevent the oil oxygenize during the extraction process. So the method of supercritcal carbon dioxide fluid is a better extaction of rice bran oil.