泄洪洞出口体型对挑流消能效果的影响研究

为了宣泄洪水并提高泄洪灵活性,许多大型水利水电工程中布置了岸边泄洪洞,并且大都采用"挑流+水垫塘"的消能型式,因此泄洪洞出口的体型对消能效果有显著影响。本文结合某水电站工程实际,针对不同泄洪洞出口体型方案下的水垫塘消能效果进行了对比研究,分析了各体型方案下的消能效果,从水垫塘底板冲击压强、出水垫塘的水流流速等方面对消能效果进行了评价。并从中选取了最优的体型应用于工程设计,提高了泄洪洞水垫塘的消能效果,这对工程的安全运行十分有益。

Effect of different outlet shapes of spillway tunnel on ski-jump energy dissipation

Spillway tunnel has been adopted in a great number of large hydro-power stations to discharge flood water. For a ski-jump energy dissipator that is often used on spillway tunnels, its energy dissipation significantly depends on the shape of flip bucket. This paper presents a comparative study on different outlet shapes of spillway tunnel, focusing on an analysis of their energy dissipation effects for an actual hydropower station in design. We have conducted hydraulic model tests and suggested optimal shapes of flip bucket through comparison of the impact pressure and flow velocity in the plunge pool. The results are useful for enhancing the energy dissipation effect and operation safety of spillway tunnels.