食源性致病菌免疫及分子检测新技术研究进展

食源性致病菌是指以食物为载体,导致人类发生疾病的细菌。传统的以培养为基础的检测方法操作复杂、特异性不强、所需时间长,而近年来发展起来的免疫学方法及分子生物学方法广泛应用于食源性致病菌的检测,克服了传统检测方法的不足。目前常用的免疫学方法主要包括ELISA、免疫磁性分离技术和免疫胶体金技术等;分子生物学方法则主要有依赖PCR的DNA指纹图谱技术、多重PCR、基因芯片、定量PCR和实时荧光定量PCR等技术。

Review on Immune and New Molecular Detective Techniques for Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens

Foodborne bacterial pathogens are defined to be bacterias that could lead to diseases through food consumption. The conventional detective methods on the base of culture have shown some disadvantages: complex operations, low specificities, variable sentitivitiesa ndt ime-consuming.R esently,t he useo fi mmunologicala nd molecularb iologicala ssaysh ave provided highly sensitive detection methods for specific pathogens in food samples. It conquers the disadvantages of conventional detective methods. The fomer include ELISA, immune-magnetism separate technique and immuno-gold- detection technique. The latter include DNA fingerprints which relied on PCR, multiplex-PCR, gene-chip techniques, quantitative PCR and real-time lightcycler PCR, etc.