基于交替方向惩罚法的低精度量化MIMO雷达恒模波形设计方法

在MIMO雷达中配备大量有源天线单元可以获得优异的波束形成性能，但会导致系统能耗大、电路复杂及成本高等问题。采用低精度的DAC组件可有效克服上述问题，但现有基于无限精度DAC条件所设计的MIMO雷达波形往往难以直接适用于低精度DAC系统。为此，该文提出了一种离散相位约束下基于最小化积分副主瓣比的低精度量化MIMO雷达恒模波形设计方法。该方法首先采用丁克尔巴赫(Dinkelbach)算法将目标函数二次分数形式转换成减法形式，再利用交替方向惩罚法求解非凸恒模离散相位约束问题。最后通过数值仿真与其他方法进行对比，分析了所提方法的发射方向图与积分副主瓣比性能，验证了该方法的有效性。 

Constant Modulus Waveform Design for Low-resolution Quantization MIMO Radar Based on an Alternating Direction Penalty Method

Outstanding beamforming performance of the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar can be achieved by deploying a large number of active antenna elements. Nonetheless, this will significantly increase power consumption, circuit complexity and hardware cost. These problems can be overcome by utilizing low-resolution Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) components. However, MIMO radar waveforms designed under the condition of infinite-resolution DACs are usually inapplicable to systems with low-resolution DACs. Therefore, under the constraints of discrete phases, this paper proposes a MIMO radar constant modulus waveform design method based on Integrated Sidelobe-to-Mainlobe Ratio (ISMR) minimization. The Dinkelbach algorithm is first used to convert the objective function with quadratic fractional form into a subtraction form. Then, the alternating direction penalty method is employed to solve the nonconvex constant modulus discrete phase constraint problem. Finally, by comparison with other methods through numerical simulations, the behavior of the transmit beampattern and the performance of ISMR are analyzed, and the effectiveness of the method is verified.