云南不同产地醇化雪茄烟叶微生物群落差异研究

为探讨云南不同产地醇化雪茄烟叶的微生物群落结构与国外优质雪茄烟叶的差异，以6个不同产地的7组雪茄烟叶为试验材料，采用高通量DNA测序技术，对烟叶样品中的细菌、真菌群落进行了微生物组学分析。结果显示，样本中细菌群落丰富度高于真菌。根据主要菌群丰度的相似性特征，能够对不同产地的样本进行聚类。在细菌方面，云南德宏、玉溪的烟叶与巴西烟叶群落结构最接近，其共有且相对丰度较高的主要菌属为Staphylococcus、Atopostipes、Corynebacterium、Pseudomonas及Brevibacterium。在真菌方面，同样是玉溪、德宏与巴西、多米尼加的样本最接近，它们之间共有且丰度较高的类群是Aspergillaceae科的1个属、Alternaria属、Aspergillus属、Wallemia属以及Cladosporium属等。这些微生物可能对降解烟草中的大分子有机物起到积极作用。

Study on Microbial Community of Alcoholized Cigar Leaves from Different Producing Areas of Yunnan Province

In order to explore the differences of microbial community structure of alcoholized cigar leaves from different areas, 7 groups of cigar tobacco leaves from 6 different areas were tested by high-throughput DNA sequencing and microbiology analysis. The results showed that the richness of bacterial community was higher than that of fungal community in the samples. Although there were differences in species richness and community structure among the sample flora, the samples from different areas can still be clustered according to the similarity of the main flora abundance. In terms of bacteria, the community structure of the samples in Dehong and Yuxi, Yunnan is the most similar to that of Brazilian tobacco, and the main common and relatively abundant bacterial groups are Staphylococcus, Atopostipes, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas and Brevibacterium. In terms of fungi, the samples of Yuxi and Dehong are the closest to those of Brazil and Dominica. The common and abundant fungal groups among them are one genus of Aspergillaceae, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Wallemia and Cladosporium. These microorganisms may have a positive effect on the decomposition of macromolecular organic compounds in tobacco.