晒晾烟烟花腺毛分泌物蔗糖酯的鉴定与评价

烟草蔗糖酯是烟叶香味成分的重要前体物，对卷烟的增香保润具有重要作用。为解析烟草晒晾烟腺毛分泌物蔗糖酯的组分构成及含量，以80份晒晾烟资源（X1-X80）为试验材料，利用气质联用仪（GC-MS）测定了烟花腺毛分泌物中5种不同分子量的蔗糖酯SEI-SEⅥ含量，并通过相关、聚类及主成分分析等方法对80份晒晾烟资源进行了综合评价。结果表明，80份晒晾烟资源鲜烟花中总蔗糖酯含量范围是198.19~4410.45μg/g，符合正态分布，其中SEIV含量最高，SEI含量最低；相关性分析表明，SEI与SEII呈极显著正相关关系，二者与其他类型的蔗糖酯均呈负相关关系。聚类分析可将80份种质分为5个类群，各类群间蔗糖酯含量差异显著。基于主成分分析的综合评价表明，Havana1号（X2）、六峰毛把烟（X47）、Ha19（X75）、Criollo（X73）、卷叶晒烟（X78）、S-2（X5）、尼加拉瓜长芯（X70）、E18（X14）、塘蓬（X41）、Beinhart1000-1（X3）等10份资源蔗糖酯含量高，可为高香气烟草品质育种和烟草本香的开发提供物质基础和技术支持。

Identification and Evaluation of Sucrose-Esters in Glandular Trichome Secretion of Sun/Air-Cured Tobacco Germplasms

Tobacco sucrose-esters are important precursors of tobacco aroma components and play an important role in enhancing the aroma and moisturizing of cigarettes. In order to analyze the composition and content of sucrose-esters (SE) in the glandular trichome secretion of sun/air-cured tobacco germplasms, the content of 5 SEs with different molecular-weight in the flowers of 80 sun/air-cured tobacco germplasms were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The data were analyzed by correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. The SE contents of the 80 sun/air-cured tobacco germplasms were 198.19- 4410.45 μg/g (fresh mass), showing a normal distribution. The SE with the highest content is SEIV, and the one with the lowest content is SE (I). The correlation analysis revealed that there is a significant positive correlation between SEI and SEII, and that both SEI and SEII are negatively correlated with SEIII, SEIV, and SEV. The 80 sun/air-cured tobacco germplasm were clustered into 5 groups, and the difference of SE content among 5 groups was significant. Based on principal component analysis, 10 germplasms (i.e., X2, X47, X75, X73, X78, X5, X70, X14, X41, X3) with high level of sucrose-esters were identified. These results could provide materials for developing tobacco cultivars with high-aroma quality and exploiting the natural aroma of cigarettes.