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弹载雷达成像技术发展现状与趋势
引用本文:李亚超,王家东,张廷豪,宋炫. 弹载雷达成像技术发展现状与趋势[J]. 雷达学报, 2022, 11(6): 943-973. DOI: 10.12000/JR22119
作者姓名:李亚超  王家东  张廷豪  宋炫
作者单位:1.西安电子科技大学雷达信号处理国家重点实验室 西安 7100712.西安电子科技大学前沿交叉研究院 西安 710071
基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2202500),国家自然科学基金(62171337, 62101396),陕西省重点研发计划(2017KW-ZD-12),陕西省杰出青年基金(S2020-JC-JQ-0056),中央高校基本科研基金(XJS212205)
摘    要:弹载合成孔径雷达(SAR)可对观测区域进行二维高分辨率成像,获得丰富的地貌特征以及目标的尺寸、形状特征,进而选择打击点并提高打击精度和效率。与传统的机载/星载SAR成像体制相比,弹载SAR由于其探测距离远、大机动曲线突防和多平台协同作战的特点,给雷达成像技术带来了新的挑战:导弹末制导阶段处于二维甚至三维加速的大斜视工作模式,飞行轨迹与传统的SAR成像模式不同,这会带来距离方位的严重耦合,成像质量退化严重;在攻击飞行段,导弹的天线波束直接指向目标区域,弹载SAR将工作在前视状态,传统的SAR成像技术难以获取目标二维高分辨图像。针对弹载SAR存在的这些问题,该文立足弹载SAR作战需求,从曲线轨大斜视成像、前视成像和协同成像方面介绍了弹载雷达成像的关键技术和发展现状,展望未来弹载雷达成像技术的发展趋势。

关 键 词:弹载雷达成像  曲线轨  大斜视  前视成像  协同成像  发展趋势
收稿时间:2022-06-21

Present Situation and Prospect of Missile-borne Radar Imaging Technology
LI Yachao,WANG Jiadong,ZHANG Tinghao,SONG Xuan. Present Situation and Prospect of Missile-borne Radar Imaging Technology[J]. Journal of Radars, 2022, 11(6): 943-973. DOI: 10.12000/JR22119
Authors:LI Yachao  WANG Jiadong  ZHANG Tinghao  SONG Xuan
Affiliation:1.National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China2.Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
Abstract:The missile-borne SAR may create high-resolution two-dimensional images of the observation area to gather detailed geomorphological information and information on the size and shape of the target, thereby helping to choose the attack place and enhancing assault precision and effectiveness. Compared with conventional airborne and satellite-based SAR imaging systems, missile-borne SAR brings new problems to radar imaging technology due to its characteristics of long-range detection, large maneuver curve raid, and multiplatform cooperative operations. The missile attack stage is in two- or three-dimensional accelerated high-forward squint imaging mode. The flight trajectory differs from the general SAR imaging mode, resulting in the severe coupling of distance orientation and deteriorating imaging quality. The ballistic SAR will operate in a forward-looking mode during the attack flight stage, which will blur the images and reduce their clarity. The missile beam antenna will also be pointing directly toward the target area. With these issues in mind, this paper introduces the key technologies and development status of ballistic SAR imaging in terms of curved-track large oblique imaging, forward-looking imaging, and cooperative imaging based on military requirements and anticipates the future development trend of this technology. 
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