场畸变气体开关寿命特性研究

气体开关为脉冲功率系统中的关键元器件之一,其寿命特性是业界关心的主要性能之一。文中进行了场畸变气体开关的寿命实验,通过分析实验条件下开关约10 000次放电后的绝缘内壁附着物成分,得出了在开关导通电流相对不大的情况下(10 kA)开关失效的主要原因为绝缘劣化,而造成绝缘劣化的主要原因为电弧烧蚀电极导致物质扩散溅射污染绝缘的结论。利用模拟电荷法对开关内电极间隙的电场进行了计算,并使用微粒群(PSO)算法对电极形状进行了优化分析,可以作为使电极尽量均匀烧蚀,提高开关寿命的优化设计算法。

Study on Life Characteristics of Field Distortion Gas Switch

Gas switch is one of the crucial components in pulsed power systems.Its life characteristic is one of the main performance concerned by the industry.In this paper,the life test of the field distortion gas switch is carried out.By analyzing the components of the adherent on the inner wall of the insulation after about 10 000 discharges of the switch under the experimental conditions,it is concluded that the main reason for the failure of the switch(10 kA)under the condition of relatively small conduction current of the switch is the deterioration of the insulation,and the main reason for the deterioration of the insulation is that the arc ablation electrode causes the diffusion sputtering of the material to pollute the insulation.The electric field of the electrode gap in the switch is calculated by the method of simulated charge,and the electrode shape is optimized by the particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm,which can be used as the optimal design algorithm to make the electrode ablate as evenly as possible and improve the life of the switch.