考虑激励模式的动态回收闭环供应链最优决策与协调研究

考虑由单一的制造商和零售商组成的闭环供应链,制造商不仅通过正向供应链销售新产品,还通过激励措施从消费者那里回收旧产品,且将动态回收过程、HJB阶段控制纳入到供应链中。除探讨不同情形下均衡决策外,还设计激励成本分担契约来促进废旧产品的回收。研究表明:集中决策较分散决策供应链系统利润更高,产品回收率更高,回收激励强度更高;产品的销售价格、批发价格、零售商收益、制造商收益与回收率呈正相关,回收激励强度与回收率呈负相关;激励成本分担契约下,制造商的回收强度、回收率达到集中决策的水平,有趣的是激励成本分担契约下,产品的批发价格、销售价格均略高于分散决策的水平,制造商的收益实现帕累托改进,零售商的收益只有在一定情形下才会实现帕累托改进,供应链系统的整体收益实现帕累托改进。此外,还探讨了激励成本分担情形下零售商不出现破产的条件。最后给出算例分析验证了相关结论。

Optimal Decision and Coordination of Closed-loop Supply Chain with Dynamic Recycling Considering Excitation Mode

In a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a single manufacturer and a single retailer,manufacturers not only sold new products to their customers,but also reclaimed used products from consumers.The dynamic recycling process incorporated HJB phase control into the supply chain.In this work,in addition toinvestigating how equilibrium decisions affect different situations,an incentive cost-sharing contract to promote recyclingis also designed.The research shows that profit,the product recovery rate and the incentive intensity under the centralized decision-making are higher than that under the decentralized decision-making.The sales price,wholesale price,revenue of the retailer and the revenue of the manufacturer are positively correlated with the recovery rate of the used product,and the recovery incentive intensity is negatively correlated with the recovery rate.Under the incentive cost-sharing contract,the manufacturer′s recovery intensity and recovery rate achieved the level of centralized decision-making.Interestingly enough,the wholesale price and sales price of the products are slightly higher than those in the decentralized decision-making.The profit of the manufacturer would realize Pareto improvement,while the revenue of the retailer will only achieve Pareto improvement under certain circumstances,and the total profit of the supply chain system achieved Pareto improvement.In addition,the conditions to avoid bankruptcy under the incentive cost-sharing situation is studied.Finally,a case study is given to verify the relevant conclusions.