Electrosynthesis of poly-2,5-pyridine promoted by nickel complexes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Beijing Key Laboratory for Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China;3. School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China;1. East west institute of technology, Dept. of Chemistry, Bangalore-560091, India;2. Department of Chemistry, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru- 560078, India;3. CNR Rao Center for advanced materials, Tumkur university, Tumkur-572103,India;4. Department of Nanotechnology, PG Center, VIAT, VTU, Muddenahalli, Chikkaballapur -562101, India;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois;2. Department of Ophthalmology, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt;3. Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois;4. Department of Biostatistics, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;1. Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Pakistan;2. Senior Superintendent Garden, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan;3. Department of Botany, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan;4. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan;5. Ghulam Hassan Abbasi, Department of Environmental Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 44 Weaver Rd. U-5233, Storrs, CT 06269, United States;2. Center for Clean Energy Engineering, University of Connecticut, 44 Weaver Rd. U-5233, Storrs, CT 06269, United States |
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| Abstract: | A nickel-catalysed electrochemical method for the synthesis of poly-2,5-pyridine is suggested. It is based on the reduction of 2,5-dibromopyridine carried out by generating electrochemically and continuously recycling nickel(0) from nickel(II) in the presence of both bipyridyl and triphenyl-phosphine. The simultaneous presence of these ligands is required to avoid the abstraction of the nickel promoter from the electrocatalytic cycle, thus allowing a very satisfactory yield (89%) to be achieved. Bipyridyl is in fact a ligand suitable for binding the metal in the 2+ oxidation state, so that it is able to compete with the nitrogen-coordination sites present in the polymer originated in the process, thus maintaining nickel(II) in the solution, while triphenylphosphine is able to stabilize nickel(0), thus preventing side reactions of this very reactive species with the solvent. The conductivity of poly-2,5-pyridine after doping has also been tested. Doping with electron-acceptor species such as iodine or bromine leads to charge-transfer complexes displaying semiconducting properties, while n-doping with sodium naphthalenide causes a larger increase in the electrical conductivity, which suggests that a conducting material is obtained. |
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