江西省水土流失动态变化及人为驱动因素分析

近年来，江西省水土保持工作得到长足发展，水土流失综合治理成效显著。本文基于土壤侵蚀遥感监测、水利普查和动态监测等资料，定量阐述了江西省水土流失动态变化，探析了其人为驱动因素。结果表明，江西省现有（2021 年）水土流失面积23 326.19 km2，占土地总面积的13.96%，相较于1987 年减少22 826.87 km2，减幅为49.46%。2021 年全省设区市中度和强烈及以上土壤侵蚀面积前三为赣州市、九江市和抚州市，分别占其土地总面积的1.54%、1.25%、0.89%，全省水土流失面积和强度持续呈现“双下降”态势。强化水土保持体制机制创新、依法严格监管人为水土流失、系统推进水土流失综合治理是江西省水土流失状况持续向好的主要人为驱动因素。

Dynamic change of soil erosion and human-driven factors in Jiangxi province

In recent years，the comprehensive control of soil erosion has achieved remarkable results in Jiangxi province.This paper analyzes quantitatively the dynamic changes of soil erosion and the human-driven factors based on remote sensing monitoring，water conservancy survey and dynamic monitoring data.The results showed that the existing soil erosion area in 2021 was 23 326.19 km2，accounting for 13.96% of the total land area，which is 22 826.87 km2 less than that in 1986，with a decrease of 49.26%.In 2021，Ganzhou，Jiujiang and Fuzhou ranked the top three cities with moderate，severe and above level in soil erosion area，accounting for 1.54%，1.25% and 0.89% of the total land area respectively，which had a significant change compared with 2011，and the area and intensity of soil erosion continued to decline simultaneously.Strengthening the innovation of soil and water conservation system and mechanism，strictly supervising human-caused soil erosion according to law，and systematically promoting the comprehensive control of soil erosion are the main human-driven forces for improving soil erosion in Jiangxi province.