无人机回收气囊减震性能有限元参数分析

目的伞降-气囊回收方式是目前无人机回收的主要方式,气囊能够在回收过程中很好地起到降低过载、限制反弹、保护设备的作用,研究气囊在回收过程中的回收特性对于加快无人机研制进度,提高无人机的回收质量具有重要意义。方法采用有限元模拟方法对无人机回收过程中气囊的减震特性进行研究,以单个气囊为研究对象,分析气囊充气后压力、气囊排气孔面积和气囊放气压力对气囊减震性能的影响,并对气囊参数进行优化。将优化过的气囊应用于某型高亚音速无人机,并对其减震特性进行验证。结果充气后压力、排气孔面积和放气压力等气囊参数无论过大还是过小都会影响减震性能,实际应用中必须根据实物具体情况,确定一组合理的气囊参数。某型高亚音速无人机采用双气囊减震方案,在进行气囊参数优化后,回收时其重心位置的加速度明显减小,飞机回弹速度及剩余速度也得到明显改善,满足了机体及机载设备对回收过载的要求。结论采用有限元对气囊的分析和优化方法对于气囊的设计具有较强的指导意义。

Parameter Analysis of Damping Characteristics of Recycled Air Bag of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Finite Element Method

The work aims to study the recycling characteristics of the air bag in the recycling process, which is of important significance for the acceleration of development progress and improvement of recycling quality of the unmanned aerial vehicle, regarding the fact that the parachute-air bag is currently the main recycling way of unmanned aerial vehicle, and the air bag can play a very good role in reducing the overload, limiting the rebound and protecting the equipment in the recycling process. The damping characteristics of air bag in the recycling process of unmanned aerial vehicle were studied in the finite element simulation method. With the single air bag as the study object, the effects of inflation pressure, vent area and deflation pressure of air bag on its damping characteristics were analyzed, and the air bag parameters were optimized. The optimized air bag was applied to some high subsonic unmanned aerial vehicle, and its damping characteristics were verified. Parameters of air bag, such as inflation pressure, vent area and deflation pressure (no matter whether they were large or small) would affect the damping characteristics. A group of reasonable air bag pa-rameters should be determined according to the specific circumstances of the object in kind in the practical application. After the optimization of air bag parameters, for some high subsonic unmanned aerial vehicle with the damping scheme of double air bags, the acceleration at its center of gravity was significantly reduced during the recycling, and its rebound velocity and residual velocity were also remarkably improved, which met the requirements with respect to the overloaded recycling of the airframe and airborne equipment. The analysis and optimization of air bag in the finite element method play a very important role in guiding the design of air bag.