楚国漆豆的形制与礼仪特征

目的探讨先秦时期楚国漆豆中的礼仪特征。方法漆器流行于青铜器衰退,陶向瓷演变的过渡时期,它可贵可贱、可繁可简,具有很强的弹性空间和广泛的民意基础。从社会学的角度看,楚国漆豆可以用来调和君与臣、官与民、神与人之间尊卑有序的关系。结论漆豆是楚国漆器的典型代表,与楚国民众"饭稻羹鱼"的生活方式紧密相关,从上层贵族到下层庶民,均能从漆制漆豆中找到各自的身份认同与精神共鸣;体现出3个层面的礼仪特征,即漆豆的修养之礼,漆豆的阶级之礼,漆豆的祭祀之礼,具有"协于上下,以承天体"的造物目的。

The Form and Etiquette Characteristics of Lacquer Beans in Chu Dynasty

It aims to discuss the etiquette characteristics of lacquer beans in Chu before Qin Dynasty. Lacquer ware is popular in the decline of bronze ware, and the transition period from pottery to porcelain is valuable, cheap, complex and simple. It has a strong elastic space and a wide public opinion basis. From the point of view of sociology, lacquer beans can be used to high and low order harmonic relationship between the king and the ministers, officials and people, man and god. Lacquer beans are typical representatives of lacquer wares in Chu. From the upper to the lower nobility of common people, all can find their identity and spiritual resonance from the lacquer beans. It embodies three aspects of etiquette characteristics, that is, the cultivation ceremony of lacquer bean, the class ceremony of lacquer bean, the sacrificial ceremony of lacquer bean, and the creation purpose of "connecting the upper and lower, to inherit the celestial body".