抗事故包装箱抗冲击性能的相似准则

目的研究跌落情况下抗事故包装箱模型设计的相似准则,建立可在相似冲击载荷情况下推断抗事故包装箱原型的抗事故能力的设计方法。方法以抗事故包装箱内容器底部圆心和半径处的应力作为表征其抗冲击能力的指标,找出影响应力的主要物理量,通过量纲分析,建立原型与模型应力相关的无量纲关系式,确立相应的相似设计准则。结果对原型和模型进行了跌落冲击的数值模拟计算,分析结果表明,基于所建立的相似设计准则,缩比模型的应力响应与原型的响应具有较高的相似性。结论在材料相同、几何形状相似、有效载荷与包装箱有效载荷的质量比相同的情况下,利用相似准则进行分析,抗事故包装箱原型和模型的受载水平基本相同,基于缩比模型进行的试验设计具有可行性。

Similarity Criteria for Impact Resistance of Accident Resistant Containers

The work aims to study the similarity criteria for the design of accident resistant container model in drop case, and establish the design method for predicting the accident resistant ability of the accident resistant container prototype through the impact load in similar situations. The stresses at the center and radius of the bottom of the inner container of the accident resistant container were taken as the indicators to characterize the impact resistance capacity. The dominant physical parameters affecting the stress were found. Through dimensional analysis, the dimensionless equation related to the stress of the prototype and the model was established and the corresponding similarity design criteria were established. The numerical simulation on the drop impact of the prototype and the model were carried out. The analysis results showed that the stress response of the scaled model agreed well with the prototype based on the similarity design criteria established. With the same material, the similar geometric data, and the same mass ratio of the payload to that of the container, based on the analysis by similarity criteria, the loaded levels of accident resistant container prototype and model are basically the same. The experimental design conducted based on the scaled model is feasible.