失效VRLA蓄电池容量恢复的研究

研究了失水引起开路电压极低或热失控引起失效的VRLA蓄电池的容量恢复的可行性 ,并对硫化引起热失控的机理进行了研究。通过对VRLA蓄电池的失效原因进行分析 ,提出了容量恢复的可能性 ;采用先对开路电压极低的蓄电池加适量水和少量电解液 ,或对热失控蓄电池加适量水 ,再反复进行分级恒流充电和大电流放电循环的方法 ,进行了容量恢复的实验。结果表明 ,该方法对于失水引起开路电压极低或热失控引起失效的VRLA蓄电池 ,只要未发生短路、正极板栅腐蚀和活性物质脱落等不可逆故障 ,其容量恢复率可达 90 %以上。

Study on capacity-recovery of failed VRLA battery

The feasibility of recovering the capacity of failed VRLA battery caused by water loss arise extreme low OCV or thermal runaway was studied and the mechanism of thermal runaway caused by sulfuration was also researched. Firstly, by analyzing the reason of battery failure, the feasibility of capacity recovery was put forward. Then add appropriate amount of water and small amount of electrolyte into the battery with extreme low OCV, or add appropriate amount of water into the thermal runaway battery. Finally, the experiment on capacity recovery was carried out by the method of graded constant current charge and high current discharge cycle. The results show that the capacity of failed VRLA battery caused by water loss arise extreme low OCV or thermal runaway can be recovered up to 90% by the method unless there are some irreversible fault, such as short circuit, corrosion of anode grid and falling out of active material.