模拟PEM燃料电池环境下垫片材料的疲劳损伤研究

以质子交换膜（PEM）燃料电池垫片常用材料（硅橡胶弹性体材料）为对象,研究垫片材料在模拟PEM燃料电池环境下的疲劳损伤情况。选用2种溶液模拟PEM燃料电池环境,一种为接近实际PEM燃料电池环境的溶液,即正规溶液（RS）,另一种为加速损伤试验的加速持久性试验（ADT）溶液。采用压缩疲劳试验和屈挠疲劳试验方法,研究垫片材料在2种模拟PEM燃料电池环境下的疲劳损伤行为。压缩疲劳试验结果表明,PEM燃料电池模拟环境和老化时间对试样的压缩疲劳温升有重要影响,试样暴露在ADT环境下的疲劳温升较暴露在RS环境下高;随着老化时间的增加,试样的疲劳温升增大,疲劳损伤加剧。屈挠疲劳试验结果表明,PEM燃料电池模拟环境和老化时间对试样的疲劳寿命有显著影响,暴露在ADT溶液中的试样疲劳寿命小于暴露在RS溶液中;试样的疲劳寿命随老化时间的增加而减少。

STUDY ON FATIGUE DAMAGE OF GASKET MATERIAL IN SIMULATED PEM FUEL CELL ENVIRONMENTS

The elastomeric gasket is one of the key components in the proton exchange membrane （PEM） fuel cell. During the long-term operation of the PEM fuel cell, the damage of the gasket material is critical to the durability of the PEM fuel cell. In this paper, the silicone rubber elastomeric material, which is widely used for PEM fuel cells, was selected and studied. The fatigue damage was investigated for the gasket material exposed to the simulated PEM fuel cell environments in this work. Two solutions were selected to simulate the PEM fuel cell environment, one was close to the real PEM fuel cell environment, namely regular solution （RS）, and the other was the accelerated durability test （ADT） solution for accelerated damage test. Compression fatigue tests and flexural fatigue tests were performed to study the fatigue damage behavior of the gasket material for exposure to two solutions. The result of compression fatigue tests shows that the PEM fuel cell simulation environment and aging time have an important influence on the compression fatigue temperature rise of the sample. The fatigue temperature rises of the sample exposed to the ADT solution was higher than that to the RS solution. With the aging time increased, the fatigue temperature rises of the sample increased, and the fatigue damage intensified. The result of flexural fatigue tests shows that the PEM fuel cell simulation environment and aging time have a significant impact on the fatigue life of the sample. The fatigue life of the sample exposed to the ADT solution is shorter than that to the RS solution; With the aging time increased, the fatigue life of the sample decreased.