考虑动态失速与风轮支架损失的H型垂直轴风力机自由尾迹模型构建

采用基于升力线理论的自由尾迹模拟模型,耦合了Leishman-Beddoes（LB）动态失速模型和模拟支架损失的半经验公式,编制H型垂直轴风轮计算程序,对不同直径、不同实度的风轮进行气动性能模拟。为了检测模型对H型风轮输出计算的准确性,选取2种不同实度（分别为0.13和0.48）的H型风力机进行了对比分析。结果表明,当尖速比小于4时,动态失速影响较为明显。考虑支架损失的计算结果明显优于未考虑支架损失的计算结果,支架损失总体上随尖速比的增大而增大,2台风力机对应的最大支架损失分别高达60%和35.5%。考虑动态失速效应和支架损失的计算模型能较为准确地估算风轮实度较小的H型风轮的输出,但对于实度较大的H型风轮,其计算准确度有待进一步提高。

FREE VORTEX WAKE MODEL FOR H-SHAPED VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES CONSIDERING DYNAMIC STALL EFFECT AND STRUTS LOSS

This paper presents the results of the power performance prediction of H-shaped vertical axis wind turbines using a lifting-line free vortex wake model cooperating with the Leishman-Beddoes （LB） dynamic stall model and semi-empirical equations accounting for strut loss. The power performance curves of two turbines with different diameter and solidity are compared with measurements. It is shown that the dynamic stall effect is obvious when tip speed ratio is less than 4. In general, the strut loss increases with tip speed ratio, the maximum value is 60% and 35% respectively for two turbines. For H-shaped wind turbines with low solidity, the model can give a good prediction of the power performance, while for H-shaped wind turbines with high solidity, the model improved.