中低温能源在中国

推动中低温能源的规模化应用是中国重构能源供给格局、实现清洁、低碳与可持续发展的有效途径.然而,目前中国中低温能源尚无完善的统计和明确的专项能源规划,其开发利用情况尚不明确;同时,中低温能源品位低、能量密度小,其开发利用仍然面临获取难、转换方式单一等问题,缺乏有效的技术路线指导.该文从中国能源结构中供需匹配角度出发,对地...

MID-/LOW-TEMPERATURE ENERGY IN CHINA

Promoting the large-scale application of mid- /low-temperature energy is an effective way to restructure China's energy supply patterns and achieve the goal of clean, low-carbon and sustainable developments. However, there are currently no perfect statistics and clear special energy planning of the mid- /low-temperature energy resources in China, and thus their developments and utilizations are unclear. Besides, since the mid- /low-temperature energy resources are featured by the low energy grade and low energy density, their developments and utilizations still face intractable problems, such as the difficult obtainment way, single utilization mode, and lack of effective technical route guidance. In China, from the perspective of energy supply and demand matching in current energy structures, this paper comprehensively reviews the annual available amounts, utilization status and development potentials of four typical kinds of the mid- /low-temperature energy resources, including the geothermal energy, solar energy, industrial waste heat and the ocean thermal energy. Afterwards, this paper forecasts the future energy structures and discusses the relevant cutting-edge technologies. It is shown that the annual available exergy amounts of the geothermal energy, solar energy, industrial waste heat, and ocean thermal energy in China is 1.17×10¹⁰, 4.90×10¹⁰, 4.86×10⁶ and 2.95×10⁹ TJ, respectively, but the current utilization amounts of the mid- /low-temperature energy resources only account for about 3% of the total energy consumptions（1.36×10⁸ TJ in 2017）. In the forecast analysis, it is found that the energy utilization proportion of the four typical energy resources rises form 8% to 21% by the year of 2050, which proves the significance of the mid- /low-temperature energy resources and the promising prospect of the related research.