Prediction of cadmium and zinc concentration in wheat grain from soils affected by the application of phosphate fertilizers varying in Cd concentration |
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Authors: | Matthieu François Cynthia Grant Raphaël Lambert Sébastien Sauvé |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada;(2) Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research Center, Brandon, MA, Canada;(3) Department of Land Resource Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada |
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Abstract: | Cadmium is an undesirable contaminant in phosphate fertilizer, and may represent a threat to food safety given its tendency
to be taken up by plants and translocated into the edible parts. In this context, predicting wheat grain cadmium concentration
from preliminary data would help to prevent exceeding the threshold values. Our study compared different approaches to estimate
the concentrations of cadmium and zinc in wheat grains based on either soil solution chemistry of these elements, their quantities
added to the soil and various soil parameters. Whereas the predictions based on soil solution chemistry show positive correlations
between predicted and measured values of cadmium for some experimental sites, it was more difficult to predict grain cadmium
concentrations in other sites. Reverse-wise, predictions based on applied cadmium and some soil parameters yielded systematically
good correlations between predicted and measured values. The prediction of the concentration of zinc in wheat grains could
not be achieved as its content was neither related to the measured soil solution chemistry nor to the quantities of zinc applied
to the soil. We suspect that zinc interacts with the phosphate fertilizer thus obscuring the regressions for plant uptake.
The prediction of grain cadmium in wheat cultures is best achieved through empirical modeling from soil parameters and soil
inputs rather than through estimates of the bioavailable fractions in the soil solution. |
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Keywords: | Phosphate fertilizer Cadmium Zinc Chemical speciation Wheat Plant uptake |
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