Synthetic peptides derived from the fourth domain of CD4 antagonize off function and inhibit T cell activation

We have developed synthetic peptide analogs to analyze novel surface structures of the human CD4 protein potentially involved in T cell activation. Linear and cyclic peptides derived from the FG and CC' loops of the membrane proximal fourth domain of CD4 displayed inhibitory activities in a CD4-dependent immunological assay. These results suggest that the fourth domain of CD4 plays an important role in T cell activation. In addition, we report the synthesis of a highly stable CD4 peptide analog cyclized by the formation of an amide bond between amino and carboxyl termini. Serum stability studies showed that this main-chain cyclic CD4 peptide was highly resistant to proteolytic degradation while the linear and disulfide cyclic peptides were much less stable. The strategy of main chain cyclization of CD4 peptides may represent a promising approach to generate proteolytically stable, orally active immunoregulatory agents.