降低齿轮齿距累积偏差的方法

为了减小齿轮磨削加工中的磨床系统分度误差,提高齿轮加工精度,分析了齿轮磨床分度误差、齿轮安装偏心和齿轮齿距偏差之间的关系,获得了分度误差的计算方法,并计算出了齿轮磨床的分度误差。依据计算得到的分度误差值调整磨床,降低磨床分度误差,减小齿轮齿距累积偏差,提高了齿轮加工精度。以Y7125大平面砂轮磨齿机床为例验证了提出方法的可行性。建立了齿轮安装偏心和齿廓偏差的数学模型,求出了齿轮安装偏心的幅值和相位角,然后由齿轮安装偏心、磨床分度误差和齿轮齿距偏差的关系得到磨床的分度误差值。根据计算得到的分度误差值调整磨床分度盘,使磨床的分度误差从17.7μm减少为3.3μm,被加工齿轮的齿距累积总偏差由46.9μm降低到11.5μm,齿距精度达到三级。验证结果表明,按照这种方法调整磨床可以快速有效地降低磨床的系统分度误差,从而降低齿轮的齿距累积偏差。

Reduction of cumulative pitch deviation for gears in grinding machines

To reduce the system dividing error of a grinding machine in gear grinding and to improve the machining accuracy of gears, the relationship among the dividing error of grinding machine, gear eccentricity installation, and the pitch deviation was analyzed, and the calculation method for dividing errors of the gear was obtained. By adjusting the grinding machine according to the calculated dividing error, the dividing error of grinding machine and the cumulative pitch deviation of the gear were decreased and the manufacturing accuracy was enhanced. The method was verified by taking the flat-faced wheel grinding machine Y7125 as an example. Firstly, a mathematic model on gear eccentricity installation and profile deviation was established to figured out the amplitude and phase angles of gear eccentricity installation. Then, based on the relationship among gear eccentricity installation, the dividing error of grinding machine and the pitch error, the value of dividing error was obtained. Finally, the indexing plate of grinding machine was adjusted and calibrated according to the computed dividing error. The experiment demonstrates that the dividing error has been reduced from 17.7 μm to 3.3 μm, and the cumulative pitch deviation of the machined gear is lowered from 46.9 μm to 11.5 μm. Furthermore, the accuracy of pitch is up to grade three. The results prove that this method can be used to reduce the dividing error of grinding machine effectively, so as to reduce the cumulative pitch deviation.