耐高温乙醇酵母的研究现状及进展

乙醇是一种重要的工业原料，同时，乙醇作为一种清洁的可再生能源，可用作液体燃料替代或者部分替代汽油。应用微生物发酵技术将甘蔗、玉米、木薯和纤维类废弃物等转化为燃料乙醇，已成为解决世界能源危机的一条理想途径。本文总结了应用高温驯化、杂交育种、诱变育种、原生质体融合和基因工程等技术选育耐高温酵母的进展，并重点介绍了离子柬生物工程技术的原理及其在选育耐高温酵母应用中的优势。离子柬生物工程技术与传统微生物育种技术、现代生物技术相结合，将大大提高耐高温乙醇酵母菌种的选育效率。

Present Research Situation & Progress in Heat-resistance Ethanol Yeast Breeding

Ethanol is an important industrial material. Known as clean and reproducible resource, ethanol is used as liquid fuel partly instead of gasoline. The conversion of sugarcane, corn, cassava and fiber waste to fuel ethanol by microbial fermentation techniques has become an ideal approach to settle the worldwide energy crisis. In this paper, the research progress in the breeding of heat-resistance ethanol yeast by high temperature domestication, cross-bred breeding, mutation breeding, protoplast infusion and genetic engineering etc. was illustrated, especially the theory of ion beam bioengineering techniques and its advantages in the breeding of heat-resistance ethanol yeast were introduced. The combination of ion beam bioengineering techniques, traditional microbial breeding techniques and modern biotech could greatly increase breeding efficiency of heat-resistance ethanol yeast.