岩石单裂隙稳态渗流研究进展

 从3个方面介绍目前单裂隙渗流研究的最新成果：(1) 单裂隙内的流体运动规律，主要研究裂隙渗流模型和流速分布规律等；(2) 裂隙过流能力的影响因素，包括应力、隙宽、粗糙度、充填物以及多场耦合等；(3) 单裂隙渗流的数值模拟方法，包括裂隙的数值生成方法和模拟技术。系统总结和分析目前最新的研究成果，对渗流研究理论和方法中存在的问题进行深入探讨：裂隙内渗流的流动规律复杂，裂隙渗流模型和机制仍有很多不明之处；剪应力影响是目前裂隙渗流研究的热点，三维应力和拉应力对裂隙渗流的影响也是未来研究的方向，但模拟复杂应力状态下的渗流试验装置仍是研究的“瓶颈”；评价裂隙面粗糙程度仍是一个复杂的问题；数值模拟裂隙渗流与试验方法相辅相成，正确选择合理的数值方法非常重要。

A REVIEW OF STEADY STATE SEEPAGE IN A SINGLE FRACTURE OF ROCK

Three aspects of seepage research in a single fracture are involved as follows：(1) the behavior of fluid flow in a single fracture，which studies the fluid flow models and flow velocity distribution in a single fracture；(2) the main factors controlling fluid flow in a single fracture，including stress，aperture，roughness，filling material，multi-field coupling and so on；(3) the methods of single fracture flow numerical simulation，including techniques of generating numerical fracture and numerical simulation methods. These current achievements are reviewed systematically. Based on discussion of the encountered problems，several results are summarized. The law of fluid flow in a single fracture is very complex. There are still many ambiguities in the research of seepage model and mechanism. It is recommended to introduce precision instrument to meet the requirement of experience. Shear stress influence on seepage is another hot issue. 3D stress and tensile influence on seepage stress are also the future research direction. But the lack of equipment，which could be used to simulate the complex stress state，is the “bottleneck”；the evaluation of the fracture roughness is complicate. Since numerical simulation and experience complement each other，it is very important to choose a reasonable numerical simulation method.