纳米纤维组织工程支架及其纳米效应研究进展

综述了纳米纤维组织工程支架的最新研究进展,评述了其制备技术、特点及其存在的纳米效应.指出天然细胞外基质为三维纳米纤维结构,其纤维连续,直径为纳米级,包含比例确定的纳米与微米空间,且与细胞存在纳米水平的相互作用;然而,目前的人工纤维支架,其纤维直径多为微米或数百纳米,或者缺乏纳米空间.采用生物纳米技术获得的细菌纤维素纳米纤维,其直径小于10 nm,自身呈三维网状结构,富含纳米空间,是构建新一代纳米组织工程支架的理想材料.

Research and Development of Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Their Nanoeffects

This paper reviews the recent development of nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering including fabrication techniques, characteristics, and bionanoeffects. It is indicated in this review that natural extracellular matrix (ECM)has three-dimensional nanofibrous structure containing fibers with nanoscale diameter. In addition, it possesses optimum ratio of micro-to nano-spaces. It is recognized that interaction between ECM and cells occurs in nanoscale. However, current artificial fibrous scaffolds consist of fibers varying in diameter from micrometer to sub-micrometers and spaces in micro-level. Bacterial cellulose (BC)fabricatedby by using the bionanotechnology consists of nanofibers with a diameter of smaller than 10 nm,self-assembled,ultra-fine 3-D network structure and plentiful nanoscale spaces. It is believed that BC is an ideal material for constructing nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering.