超声-复合酶解法提取海带中海藻酸钠的工艺优化

为了充分利用海洋生物质资源，以海带为原料，采用超声-复合酶解法（包括纤维素酶、果胶酶和木瓜蛋白酶）提取海藻酸钠，在考察酶添加量、酶解pH、酶解温度和超声功率的单因素实验基础上，通过正交试验优化提取工艺。结果表明，最佳提取工艺为:纤维素酶添加量0.3 g、果胶酶添加量0.3 g、木瓜蛋白酶添加量0.1 g，酶解pH=4，酶解温度55℃，超声功率250 W。在最佳工艺条件下，海藻酸钠的得率为21.53%±0.12%，是传统甲醛法得率的1.288倍。通过粘度测定，所得海藻酸钠产物的黏度为1880 mPa·s；通过扫描电镜观察可以看出，超声-复合酶解法能有效破坏海带细胞壁的结构，从而提高海藻酸钠的得率。超声-复合酶解法可以提高产率、减少污染、降低生产成本，并具有一定普适性，有着广阔的应用前景。

Optimization of Extraction Process of Sodium Alginate from Laminaria japonica by Ultrasonic-Complex Enzymatic Hydrolysis Method

In order to make full use of marine biomass resources,Laminaria japonica was used as raw material to extract sodium alginate by ultrasonic-complex enzymatic hydrolysis(including cellulase,pectinase and papain).Based on the single factor experiments of enzyme concentration,enzymolysis pH,enzymolysis temperature and ultrasonic power,the extraction process was optimized by orthogonal experiments.The results showed that the optimal extraction process was as follows:The cellulase concentration 0.3 g,the pectinase concentration 0.3 g,the papain concentration 0.1 g,enzymolysis pH=4,enzymolysis temperature 55℃,ultrasonic power 250 W.Under the optimum technological conditions,the yield of sodium alginate was 21.53%±0.12%,which was 1.288 times that of the traditional formaldehyde method.Through viscosity measurement,the viscosity of the obtained sodium alginate product was 1880 mPa·s.Through scanning electron microscope observation,it could be seen that ultrasonic-complex enzymatic hydrolysis could effectively destroy the structure of Laminaria japonica cell wall,thus improving the yield of sodium alginate.Ultrasonic-complex enzymatic hydrolysis could improve yield,reduce pollution and production cost,and had certain universality and broad application prospects.