砂雨法试样制备平行试验研究

在中国各类基础设施大规模、高速度建设的历史背景下,岩土工程学科也面临空前的机遇和挑战,以岩土离机为代表的大型试验装备也得到迅速发展,为理论研究、实践指导提供了十分重要的研究手段。为推动我国离心模拟技术标准化及在实际工程中的应用,扩大离心模拟技术在工程界的影响力,开展了全国岩土工程离心模拟的平行试验,试验内容包括砂土模型地层的制备、桩基础承载力以及边坡稳定共3大类试验。介绍的是采用砂雨法制备砂土地层的相关试验成果,共有8家单位参与了此项研究工作。试验材料采用福建标准砂,出砂头采用圆筒网眼式或者线型鸭嘴式,落砂装置各单位自备。试验结果分析得到落距-相对密实度标定曲线,并设定土体目标相对密实度（55%和75%）,验证曲线的可靠性;同时考察制备模型地基的相对密实度在空间上的均质性,并对出砂头的类型及孔径大小、流量、出砂头水平移动速度对相对密实度的影响做了初步探讨。

Parallel tests on preparation of samples with sand pourer

Unprecedented opportunities and challenges have been confronted in geotechnical engineering practices in the context of all infrastructure in large-scale and high-speed construction of infrastructures in China. Large test equiments represented by geotechnical centrifuge has been developed rapidly, providing important tools for theoretical researches and practical problem-solving. To promote the standardization of centrifuge modeling techniques and its application in the practice, at the same time, to expand influence of centrifuge modeling techniques in the engineering, the parallel tests on geotechnical centrifuge modeling are carried out in China, including the preparation of sand stratum model, bearing capacity of pile foundation as well as slope stability. The relevant experimental results among 8 institutions, for preparation of samples with sand pourer are introduced. Fujian standard sand is chosen as the experimental material, the type of sand rainner outlet, includes cylindrical mesh type and linear duckbill type, and the shakeout device is prepared by each participant institution. Based on the