矿山尺度下微震定位精度及稳定性控制初探

对微震定位精度和稳定性控制一直是矿山微震监测工程的一个难题。通过对微震监测系统误差的深入剖析,提出了“统一定位误差”的概念,将微震定位的误差条件进行了前置性统一；结合非线性定位的特点,对微震定位参数进行了非线性变换,提出了降维定位的基本思路及实现方法,解释了平面截割定位的几何原理,揭示了微震定位（平面截割法）的基本实质,并研究了内、外场定位的定位稳定性及控制方法。研究表明,“统一定位误差”是实现对微震定位精度控制的前置杠杆及控制尺度,指出微震定位结果的精度从属于几何定位,单一数值解（迭代极小值或最优化极小值）不具备绝对工程意义。理论分析及试验结果证实,平面截割定位是控制内、外近场定位尺度条件下的控制定位稳定性的有效途径。

On control of accuracy and stability of microseismic location in a mining scale

For the microseismic monitoring in a mining scale, the control of accuracy and stability of location is always a difficult problem. Based on the thorough analysis of the error of monitoring system caused by propagation velocity, coordinates of sensors and picking time, the term of integrity-error of location which can be taken as the fundamental principles to appraise studies on the monitoring engineering is proposed. Nonlinear analysis and transformation are conducted to realize the dimension reduction, the called plane-cutting location method is given and the basic nature of location is also clearly demonstrated. It is concluded that the integrity-error is the scale parameter and precondition in determining the location error. The accuracy and stability of location basically rely on the analytic geometry rather than numerical solution. The theoretical analyses and experiments both show that the plane-cutting location is a reasonable way of keeping the accuracy and stability of location in a acceptable level in a mining scale.