寒区工业取水口防冰工程新方法的研究

寒冷地区火、核电厂的取水口或取水流道在严冬季节易受到冰块或水内屑冰堵塞，电厂将因取不上水或取水量不够而被迫停产或减负荷运行。本文探讨利用电厂自身排出的含水量废热的温排水缓解取水口及取水流道上的冰情，给出了温排水的融冰能力估算方法，并以我国丹东电厂温排水缓冰工程为例进行了试验研究，所得结论可用于寒带地区的火、核电厂及其他工业用水的取水口工程的防冰、缓冰设计。

Study on a new approach to prevent icing for industrial water intakes in cold regions

The water intakes of power plants in northern China are susceptible to icing in winter. In severe cold weather the intake channels are easily clogged by ice cake or frazil slush and intake screens would be badly iced up. The warm efflux is considerably large and can be utilized to mitigate icing problem. The Dandong thermal power plant was investigated with physical model test to illustrate the feasibility of ice prevention. The hydro-thermal similarity criterion of cooling water circulation with ice formation under non-negative atmospheric temperature condition was adopted. The location and unfrozen area and the optimum layout of outlets were simulated. The needed warm efflux discharge was approximately calculated. The heat transfer of water current to floating ice was treated as turbulent heat exchange between water and floe during water flowing around the ice. A method of estimating melting capability of floating ice was presented, which can be applicable to mathematical simulation.