隧道爆破掘进超欠挖原因分析及控制措施

爆破掘进产生的超欠挖问题一直是影响隧道工程建设质量、安全及成本的重要因素,针对当前隧道爆破掘进后轮廓面不平整、超欠挖问题突出、喷射混凝土超耗严重的现状,系统地分析了隧道爆破掘进超欠挖的危害,从环境、技术、管理、奖惩、观念等方面分析了造成超欠挖的原因,并探究了相应的超欠挖控制措施。建议优先采用光面爆破技术,通过合理选择爆破参数,严格按工艺流程施工,加强现场管理,可将隧道超挖控制在10 cm以内。

Analysis on the causes of excessive or insufficient excavation and control measures in tunnel blasting driving

The excessive or insufficient excavation occurred in tunnel blasting driving has always been an important factor affecting the quality,safety and cost of tunneling works.In respect to the status including uneven contour surface,excessive excavation or insufficient excavation and excessive consumption of shotcrete in the current tunnel blasting driving,in the paper the hazards of excessive excavation or insufficient excavation in tunnel blasting driving were systematically studied from which the causes were analyzed in the aspects of environment,technology,management,reward and punishment concept,etc.Some measures to prevent excessive or insufficient excavation were investigated.It is suggested that the smooth blasting technology should be preferred for tunneling with reasonable blasting parameters,the construction should be carried out in strict accordance with the technological process,and the on-site management should be improved so as to control the excessive excavation of the tunnel within 10 cm.