绕线式异步电动机调压节能运行研究

根据异步电动机带周期性负载运行的特点,确定了绕线式异步电动机处于空载、轻载运行状态下的最优电压,且维持负载率不变时,其在最优电压下的功率因数大于其在额定电压下的。针对绕线式异步电动机的特性,研究了其转子侧串电阻启动及串电阻调速下调压节能的运行状态,得知当转子回路中串入2电阻时,可加速电机启动,且在最优电压一定时,串电阻前后的电磁转矩恒定。通过搭建绕线式异步电动机降压串电阻调速模型,得出了最优电压下绕线式异步电动机转子短接与转子串电阻时的能耗变化关系,即电机的负载率为0%~50%时,适当降低电源电压,有一定的节能空间。从而验证了最优电压下异步电动机转子串电阻调压轻载下的节能运行是可行的。

Research on the Operation Performance of Wound Rotor Asynchronous Motors in Voltage Regulation and Energy Saving

Based on the fact that asynchronous motors are characterized with periodic load operation, the optimal voltage of wound rotor asynchronous motors has been determined under no-load and light-load operating modes. With the load ratio a constant, the power factor under the optimal voltage is greater than that under the rated voltage. In light of the features of winding rotor asynchronous motors, a research has been conducted on the side series resistance starting and the capacity of voltage regulation and energy-saving series under series resistance speed regulation. When a resistance of 2 is connected in series with the rotor circuit, an accelerated starting of the motor has thus achieved. With the optimal voltage a constant, the electromagnetic torque remains constant before and after the series resistance has been connected with the rotor circuit. A step-down series resistance speed regulation model of wound rotor asynchronous motors has been set up to work out the relationship between the energy consumption of the rotor turn-on and rotor series resistance under a constant optimal voltage. When the load factor of the motor is in the range of 0%~50%, a certain energy-saving space could be obtained by appropriately reducing the power supply voltage, thus verifying the feasibility of the energy saving operation under the light load rotor series resistance voltage regulation of wound rotor asynchronous motors under the optimal voltage.