基于精确毫秒延时控制的爆破降振试验研究

为充分利用数码电子雷管实现精确延时控制爆破振动及改善岩石破碎效果，基于岩体中炸药爆炸能量分配理论，推导出逐孔起爆时孔间合理延期时间的计算公式。结合露天矿山生产实际，采用隆芯1号数码电子雷管及铱钵起爆系统，设计开展了室内精确延时控制爆破相似模型试验。运用Matlab7.0对振动时程信号进行时间－能量密度分析，结果表明，设置合理孔间延期时间能有效降低爆破振动强度；模型试验中，2 ms延期时间下振动波形速度峰值依次为1，3，4和5 ms延期时间下的69%，76%，77%和78%，能量百分比依次为37.3%，84.5%，52.6%和58.4%。工程实践应用表明，在堰口采石场所采用的爆破参数情况下，孔间以20 ms为延期时间利于降低爆破振动，改善爆破效果；提出的合理孔间延期时间计算公式切实可行。

Experimental study of reducing vibration intensity based on controlled blasting with precise time delay

In order to control blasting vibration and improve rock crushing effect through controlled blasting with precise time delay by using digital electronic detonator,based on the energy distribution theory of explosive charge in rock mass,the calculation formula of reasonable delayed time interval (DTI) between blasting holes was obtained.Combined with production practice in open-pit mine,the digital electronic detonators of Long Xin No.1 and Yi Bo Blasting System were used to design and carry out the similar model test of controlled blasting with precise time delay.Matlab 7.0 was used to do time-energy density analysis on vibration signal.The result shows that,the blasting vibration intensity can be reduced effectively through setting reasonable DTI between blasting holes.In the model test,the peak velocity percentage with DTI of 2 ms are respectively 69%,76%,77% and 78% of 1 ms,3 ms,4 ms and 5 ms,the energy percentage are respectively 37.3%,84.5%,52.6% and 58.4%.Engineering practice shows that,with the blasting parameters at quarry Yan Kou,it is effective to reduce blasting vibration and improve blasting effect with setting DTI as 20 ms；the suggested calculation formula of reasonable DTI between blasting holes is practicable.