黑岱沟露天煤矿高台阶抛掷爆破混凝土模型的相似材料配比试验研究

小尺寸模型试验在爆破机理研究中具有重要作用，相似材料的选取是模型试验的前提。以准格尔黑岱沟露天煤矿高台阶抛掷爆破为原型，利用量纲分析法确定了模型与原型之间的相似关系，采用河砂、碎石（<7 mm）、石膏、水泥、水等相似材料成分按照5种配比制作了标准试件，对标准试件进行单轴抗压强度试验和纵波波速测试试验，得到了各配比相似材料的密度、抗压强度、弹性模量、波阻抗等物理力学参数；同时制作了5种配比下的圆柱体素混凝土模型，通过单孔爆破漏斗试验算出各配比相似材料的单耗，最终选取了合适的模型材料配比，该配比可用于下一步的高台阶抛掷爆破模型试验。

Proportioning test study on similar material of concrete model of high bench cast blasting in Heidaigou open pit

The test on smaller model has main effect to studying on rock blasting mechanism，similar material selection is a premise for model test.The experiment in this paper based on Heidaigou opencast mine high bench cast blasting method，the similar relationship between model and prototype was determined by using dimensional analysis method，then we produced standard test specimens according to 5 ratios using sand，gravel（<7 mm），gypsum，cement and water，gained the density，compressive strength，elastic modulus and wave impedance by experimental study of saturated uniaxial compressive strength test and longitudinal wave velocity measure.Moreover，we produced cylindrical plain concrete models according to 5 ratios and gained unit explosive consumption of each models after single-hole blasting crater experiments.At last，a suitable ratio that could be applied in the high bench cast blasting model experiments was chosen.