酸性化学溶液作用下花岗岩损伤时效特征与机理

以花岗岩为试验与研究对象，借助扫描电镜与电子能谱技术观测分析了酸性化学溶液对花岗岩的宏观形貌、缺陷形态、孔隙结构、矿物元素及孔隙率的改造作用；在不同浸泡时间节点对不同水化学溶液环境下花岗岩试件的质量、弹性纵波波速及溶液的pH值等进行测定，并对浸泡后溶液化学组分与浓度进行离子色谱检测，分析了花岗岩与酸性化学溶液相互作用的损伤时效特征；根据花岗岩矿物组分X射线衍射及化学元素与化合物X射线荧光光谱分析结果，结合化学动力学原理，探讨了花岗岩与酸性化学溶液之间的化学反应过程，以及“水岩相互作用”的岩石化学损伤机理：岩石受水化学溶液侵蚀的损伤机制取决于水化学溶液的性质与成分、岩石中的矿物组分及颗粒、孔隙、裂纹等结构之间的耦合作用，并最终改变了岩石的微观成分和细观结构。

Aging features and mechanism of Granite’s damage under the action ofacidic chemical solutions

In the study on granite,the transformation of macroscopic appearances,microscopic structures,defect morphology,elements composition and porosity induced by acidic chemical corrosion are observed with SEM and electron spectrum.The aging features of interaction between granite and chemical solutions are analyzed based on the testing data at different soaking times of mass,elastic wave velocity of specimens and pH value of solutions,and ion chromatography detection results of solutions’ chemical constituents and concentration after soaking.According to the testing results of X-ray diffraction for mineral composition and X-ray fluorescence for chemical elements and compound of granite,the chemical reactions between granite and acidic solutions and rock chemical damage process during rock-chemical solutions interaction are discussed combined with chemical kinetics theory.The damage mechanism of chemical corrosion on rock is related to the coupling impacts between properties,components of chemical solution and mineral composition,structures such as particles,pores and cracks of rock,which finally changes the micro ingredients and structure of rock.