爆炸冲击波空中传播特征参量的优化拟合

受测试技术和测试精度影响,空气中传播的爆炸冲击波特征参量的传统经验公式存在一定的差异,文中运用LS-DYNA有限元程序,以TNT为例,计算了空中爆炸冲击波的传播过程,采用仿真计算和文献数据相结合的方法得到了冲击波超压峰值、到达时间、持续时间和比冲量的改良预测公式;把空气中传播的冲击波分为升压阶段和降压阶段两部分考虑,以冲击波的各特征参数对冲击波的压力时程曲线进行了预测。结果表明,改良预测公式与试验数据较为吻合,且比早期的经验公式更为精确。运用这些新预测公式,可以对空中爆炸的冲击波特征参数和传播特性进行有效地预测。

Optimum Fitting for Characteristic Parameters of Blast Shockwaves Traveling in Air

Deviations between conventional empirical formula of the characteristic parameters for TNT explo-sion shockwave in air are affected by testing technology and precision .The spreading processes of TNT explosion shockwave in air are numerically simulated by the finite element analysis software LS-DYNA ,and the improved pre-dicted formula of peak pressure ,arrival time ,duration time and impulse of explosion shockwave are obtained by u-sing the method of combining simulation calculation with literature data .The TNT explosion shockwave is charac-terized by taking both pressure rise and decline stage into account ,and the pressure time histories are predicted by using the air blast characteristic parameters .The results show that ,the improved predicted formula correlate well with experimental results ,and the new formulas are more accurate than earlier empirical formulas .The characteris-tic parameters and propagation characteristics of explosion shockwave in air can be effectively predicted by using those new prediction formulas .