国外高能炸药点火机理研究进展

高能炸药发生点火反应由3个主要的能量转移过程引起:摩擦或剪切热、自加热、冲击压缩。炸药发生反应的剧烈程度由缓慢燃烧到完全爆轰不等,而这主要取决于能量转移率、炸药的理化性能、壳体约束强度等变量。该文重点从撞击点火、热爆炸、弱冲击压缩和强冲击压缩(分为均质炸药和非均质炸药)等方面综述了国外近年来在高能炸药点火方面的研究进展,以炸药在撞击、热、冲击刺激下的试验方法和数学建模方法为主,同时介绍了最新的实验和仿真研究成果。

Research Progress on the Mechanism of the Ignition for the High Explosives

Ignition reactions of high explosives can be caused by three general energy transfer processes ：impact igni-tion by frictional or shear heating , thermal heating and shock compression .The degree of violence of reaction varies from benign slow combustion to detonation of entire charge , that depends on many variables , including the rate of energy delivery, the physical and chemical properties of the explosive , and the strength of the confinement surrounding the explo-sive charge .This article focuses on foreign research progress of homogeneous and non-homogeneous explosives in recent years in terms of impact ignition , thermal explosion , weak shock compression and strong shock compression .Meanwhile , the latest achievements on experimental and mathematical modeling regarding the ignition mechanism of explosives under the impact, thermal and shock stimulus are introduced .