Bio-oil production and upgrading research: A review |
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Authors: | Shuangning Xiu Abolghasem Shahbazi |
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Affiliation: | Biological Engineering Program, Department of Natural Resource and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 E.Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27410, U.S.A |
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Abstract: | Biomass can be utilized to produce bio-oil, a promising alternative energy source for the limited crude oil. There are mainly two processes involved in the conversion of biomass to bio-oil: flash pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction. The cost of bio-oil production from biomass is relatively high based on current technologies, and the main challenges are the low yield and poor bio-oil quality. Considerable research efforts have been made to improve the bio-oil production from biomass. Scientific and technical developments towards improving bio-oil yield and quality to date are reviewed, with an emphasis on bio-oil upgrading research. Furthermore, the article covers some major issues that associated with bio-oil from biomass, which includes bio-oil basics (e.g., characteristics, chemistry), application, environmental and economic assessment. It also points out barriers to achieving improvements in the future. |
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