基于FPGA的弹箭多种通讯总线故障注入和自动诊断系统的设计与实现

摘 要：在弹箭研制过程中需要对弹箭制导控制部件进行故障注入，模拟弹上总线通讯故障，进行研究性测试；并对总线通讯质量进行测试验证，提出一种面向弹箭的多种类型总线故障注入和自动诊断系统。故障注入器为制导控制部件提供多种类型总线信号的物理层的断路故障注入、短路故障注入、串行阻抗故障注入、并行阻抗故障注入。设计了基于FPGA的体系架构，构建了测试系统。论述了故障注入、诊断系统的工作原理、系统体架构和硬件设计、并阐述了故障注入、故障诊断方法实现。试验表明该诊断系统通过故障注入，能够模拟物理线路中的一些故障，对系统的稳定性和鲁棒性进行检测；并实时分析多种总线的各种电气特性和协议层，对弹箭联试测试过程中的总线通讯自动全面评价,并给出定量测试分析结果的诊断报告。

Design and implementation of fault injection and automatic diagnosis system for missile and rocket multiple communication buses based on FPGA

Abstract：In the process of missile development, it is necessary to inject faults into the missile guidance control components, simulate communication faults on the missile bus, and conduct research testing; Test and verity the quality of bus communication, propose a multi type bus fault injection and automatic diagnosis system for missiles and rockets. The fault injector provides various types of bus signals for guidance and control components, including open circuit fault injection, short circuit fault injection, serial impedance fault injection, parallel impedance fault injection in physical layer. Designed an architecture based on FPGA and built a testing system. The working principle of fault injection and diagnosis system ,system architecture and the design of hardware are discussed. Fault injection and bus diagnosis software is implemented. The experiment shows that the diagnosis system can simulate some faults in the physical circuit through fault injection, and detect the stability and robustness of the system; It also analyzes various electrical characteristics and communication protocols of various buses in real time. The quality of bus communication is evaluated automatically and comprehensively in the process of missile test. A diagnosis report of quantitative analysis is given.