基于数值模拟的充填采矿地表移动规律研究

通过FLAC3D软件建立的三维数值仿真模型，结合有限元理论，针对辽宁某矿露天转地下开采过程中的地表沉降问题进行了研究。研究结果表明，随着充填率的增加，顶板最大主应力和竖向位移均呈现出降低的趋势。在-40米首次开采中段回采后及时进行充填的情况下，100%充填率相比于90%充填率，竖向位移最大值降低了45%；当回采至305米中段时，100%充填率相比于90%充填率，竖向位移值降低了22%。地表监测点的竖向位移和水平位移均随充填率的增加而降低。在保证95%充填率的情况下，地下开采对地表构筑物的影响较小，满足规程允许的地表变形值。该研究结果对该矿山露天转地下开采地表沉降规律提供了有益参考。

Study on surface movement law of filling mining based on numerical simulation

A three-dimensional numerical simulation model was established using FLAC3D software, combined with finite element theory, to study the surface subsidence issue during the transition from open-pit to underground mining in a certain iron mine in Liaoning province. The research results indicate that with an increase in backfilling rate, the maximum principal stress and vertical displacement of the roof exhibit a decreasing trend. In the case of timely backfilling after the first mining stage at a depth of -40 meters, the maximum vertical displacement decreased by 45% for a 100% backfilling rate compared to a 90% backfilling rate. When mining reached the middle section at a depth of 305 meters, the vertical displacement decreased by 22% for a 100% backfilling rate compared to a 90% backfilling rate. Both the vertical and horizontal displacements at the surface monitoring points decrease with an increase in the backfilling rate. With a backfilling rate of 95% guaranteed, the impact of underground mining on surface structures is relatively small, meeting the permissible surface deformation values specified by regulations. These research findings provide valuable references for understanding the surface subsidence patterns during the transition from open-pit to underground mining in this mine.