植物甾醇酯的合成及其分离研究进展

植物甾醇具有降低血清胆固醇、独特的消炎、退热及抗肿瘤等功能,但其不溶于水,脂溶性也相当有限的缺点限制了其应用前景。酯化后的植物甾醇酯不仅大大改善了植物甾醇的脂溶性,而且抑制人体对胆固醇的吸收作用优于植物甾醇。植物甾醇酯的合成正成为世界各国竞相研究的热点。目前,已报道的制备方法主要有化学合成法、脂肪酶催化法和超临界生物酶法。后两者均采用酶做催化剂,由于酶的生产成本高,且酶法生产率低限制了其大规模工业化生产,因此化学合成法仍然是植物甾醇酯商业化生产的主要方法和研究重点。本文以此为重点,综述了近年来植物甾醇酯的化学合成及其分离纯化技术的研究概况和最新进展,并展望了未来的研究方向。

Progress in the Synthesis, Separation and Purification of Phytosterol Esters

Phytosterols could reduce serum cholesterol, have unique anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and anticancer activities, etc.. However, they have some drawbacks such as insoluble in water, pretty limited fat-soluble. Phytosterol esters greatly improved fat-soluble and inhibited cholesterol absorption properties. Synthesis of phytosterol esters is becoming a research hotspot. At present, the preparation of phytosterol esters has been reported mainly in chemical synthesis, catalysis of lipase and supercritical biological enzyme. The latter two both using the enzymes as catalyst, the high production cost, low productivity of enzymes limit their industrial application. Chemical synthesis is still the main method in large-scale commercial production and the research focus of phytosterol esters. The progress of chemical synthesis, separation and purification of phytosterol esters in recent years is reviewed.